294-306 p.

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doi.org: 10.22378/he.2022-7-2.294-306

Traditional toys and various handcrafted items constitute an important part of the children’s world. Toys are not just fun, but also an important element in the upbringing and development of the child. With the help of toys, children learn about the world around them, learn to establish social ties, and prepare themselves for adulthood. Archaeological finds demonstrate that children’s toys were made on the territory of Turkmenistan already in the Bronze Age and their production continued into the Middle Ages. Miniature bows and arrows, slings, guns and sabers were usually made for boys. Children weaved bird nets and made animal traps. They also created toy tools of trade for the household. Toys imitate weddings and other celebrations accompanied by playing miniature musical instruments. Girls mainly made dolls, as well as household items and utensils. Animal figurines occupy a distinct place in the group of toys. In the past, doll toys were also made for ritual ceremonies: curing diseases or calling the rain. The production of traditional toys continued until the beginning of the 20th century. Information about toys production has been preserved in Turkmen folk tales and beliefs.

Keywords: toy, doll, childbirth, upbringing, household toys, handcrafted items, animal figurines

For citation: Atdaev S.J. Traditsionnyye detskiye igrushki u turkmen [Traditional children’s toys at the Turkmens]. Istoricheskaya etnologiya, 2022, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 294–306. https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2022-7-2.294-306 (In Russian)

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About the author: Serdar J. Atdaev, Cand. Sc. (History), Leading Researcher Fellow of the Department of Ethnography, Institute of History and Archeology of the Turkmenistan Academy of Sciences (18, Saparmurat Turkmenbashi Ave., Ashgabat 744005, Turkmenistan); serdar63atdayev@gmail.com

Received April 8, 2022   Accepted for publication May 17, 2022

Published Online November 23, 2022